One-Pot Pasta e Fagioli

0 Heat the olive oil in a medium pot over medium heat.
1 Add the anchovies and cook until they dissolve into the oil.
2 Add the garlic and chili flakes and cook for 30 seconds.
3 Stir in the cannellini beans and season lightly with salt.
4 Mash about one-third of the beans directly in the pot.
5 Pour in the water or stock and bring to a boil.
6 Add the pasta and cook, stirring often, until just shy of al dente.
7 Add additional water as needed to maintain a loose, brothy consistency.
8 Remove from the heat and stir in the lemon zest, Parmigiano, parsley, and black pepper.
9 Taste and adjust seasoning as needed.
10 Serve with additional Parmigiano, olive oil, parsley, and black pepper.